The battery is one of the factors that contribute to electric cars' high cost. Lithium battery manufacturing requires specialised raw ingredients that are not easily and randomly available. Batteries for electric vehicles must be made from raw materials that must first be mined and processed thoroughly.
The majority of electric vehicles sold today, including cars and motorcycles, run on lithium batteries. This battery serves as a power source for electric vehicles. The battery in a car with an internal combustion engine is not the same as this lithium battery.
Electric vehicle batteries are more advanced and potent than conventional car batteries. However, the cost is equally substantial, ranging from 10% to 50% of the car's overall cost. There are plenty of raw materials for lithium batteries in Indonesia itself.
Battery Raw Materials for Electric Vehicles
Several basic minerals, including cobalt and nickel, are utilised to make the batteries used in electric vehicles. The development of electric vehicles is expected to be aided by Indonesia, which is thought to have significant nickel reserves.
One mining product that falls within the high-value metal category is nickel. The remains of plants or other living creatures that have been submerged in the earth for millions of years are used to make nickel. Rust resistance, malleability, and toughness characterise this silvery metal.
The largest producer of nickel ore worldwide is reputed to be Indonesia. Indonesia contributed 800,000 tonnes of the 2,668,000 tonnes of nickel produced globally in 2019. Indonesia is the nation that produces the most nickel, according to this figure.
Additionally, nickel is a component of lithium batteries used in cell phones and other electrical devices. Because lithium batteries can be recharged, they are environmentally beneficial items.
In Indonesia, there are a number of large nickel producers. Records show that the Indonesia Morowali Industrial Park is in charge of the greatest local nickel product (IMIP). According to information from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources for 2020, the corporation has up to 50% of the downstream nickel production under its control.
Benefits of Lithium Battery Types
Several different battery types, including Nickel-Metal Hybrid, Sealed Lead Acid (SLA), and Ultracapacitor, can be utilised in electric vehicles. However, lithium batteries are used by the majority of electric vehicle producers.
The fact that lithium batteries have a favourable weight to energy ratio is one of the benefits of employing them. Each vehicle's component's weight has an impact on how well it performs. Lithium batteries enable manufacturers to utilise fewer battery cells than other battery kinds to store the same amount of energy (kWh).
Electric vehicle producers can prevent their production automobiles from being overweight thanks to these benefits of the battery. The fact that this battery has a reasonably low self-discharge level is another benefit of employing it. This indicates that the battery is not losing charge quickly.
There are various different categories for lithium batteries. There are currently 6 distinct types, including the following:
Lithium Ion Phosphate, or LFP
NCA is short for lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide.
NMC stands for lithium manganese cobalt oxide.
Lithium titanate, or LTO
LMO stands for lithium manganese oxide.
Oxide of lithium and cobalt
The NCA lithium battery is regarded as having the best qualities or specs. NCA batteries are used in Tesla's electric automobiles. Compared to other raw materials, nickel raw materials are the most commonly used in the production of NCA batteries.
However, due to the country's weather-sensitive climate, many experts claim that LFP lithium batteries are better suited for usage in electric vehicle applications in Indonesia.
That information relates to the basic components used to make batteries for electric cars. The basic ingredients needed to make electric batteries are widely available in Indonesia. Of course, this is excellent news for Indonesia's electric vehicle market.
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